SPRAY TECHNOLOGY

Chemical control is costly and hazardous to humans, animals, and the environment. In cotton production about 42% of the total cost is spent for inorganic pesticides. While this method of controlling pests can not be dispensed with, it should be used judiciously.
For efficiency and effectiveness, proper spray application is cardinal. Farmers should follow the spray application technology to avoid risks, minimize expenses, and more importantly, save the environment.

Before spraying, prepare the following:

• Knapsack sprayer, or any manually operated sprayer
• CODA Low-Volume nozzle, Technoma, or any other
• Pesticide appropriate for the target pest available appropriate nozzle
• Pesticide measuring cup
• Clean tap water
• Protective clothing, i.e. long sleeves and pants
• Hand gloves
• Handkerchief, mask or any material to cover the nose

Sprayer Nozzle

• Use the Taiwan single or double nozzle (one nozzle closed with blind gasket).
• If available, use the more efficient CODA Low-Volume or Technoma nozzle

The CODA Low-Volume nozzle requires only 5-7 tankloads per hectare, much less than using local nozzles.

The Technoma 10.2 nozzle from France also produces a wide swath and delivers fine spray mist.

Test Spray

• Do not use a leaking sprayer.
• Make a test spray using tap water.
• If the spray mist is continuous, then you are ready to mix the spray solution.
• If the flow lines and the nozzle are clogged, disassemble and clean them thoroughly with tap water.

Mixing

• Place about 1/3 of the needed water into the tank.
• Use a measuring cup to determine the required amount of pesticide.
• Add the required amount of pesticide for one tankload as per recommendation.
• Add the remaining volume of the water needed. Use only clean tap water to prevent clogging of the nozzle and the flow lines.
• Cover tightly and shake the tank to mix thoroughly.

Carrying the Sprayer

• Mount the knapsack sprayer comfortably at your back with the shoulder straps.

Spraying Pattern/Wind Direction

• Do not spray when the wind is strong.
• Never spray when the leaves of the cotton plants are still wet.
• You can spray two rows at a time when there is wind that carries the spray mist up to the next row.

Directing the Nozzle

• Hold the lance in such a way that the nozzle is directed horizontally. This nozzle position should be maintained throughout the spraying operation.

Spraying Distance

• The nozzle should be 30 cm above the canopy to ensure even distribution of spray mist and better penetration within the canopy

Walking Speed

• Maintain a constant walking speed while spraying to effect a uniform droplet distribution.

Pumping

• A slow but constant sprayer pumping is needed for uniform flow of spray mist through the nozzle and to minimize damage of the pump cylinder.